multimedia. See Fred Turner, From Counterculture to Cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the Whole Earth Network, and the Rise of Digital Utopianism (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2006), p. 49-51, 65-6.
talking paperclip’ came from. Cf. John Markoff, What the Dormouse Said: How the 60s Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry (New York: The Penguin Group, 2005), p. 250: “Today [Dan Ingalls’ method of moving blocks of information in computer memory] remains at the heart of both the Macintosh and Windows computing worlds. In the early 1970s, however, it was a radically new idea. Called BitBlt, it enabled graphical menu systems to ‘pop-up’ instantly on an Alto screen in response to a mouse click. As much as any single software innovation, BitBlt made the modern graphical computer interface possible.... Ingalls had dabbled in psychedelics and smoked pot to put himself in a more creative, introspective mood.... Years later ... when people would ask about the inventive ideas in Smalltalk [computer language], Ingalls would joke, ‘Well, where do you think these ideas came from?!’”
most important things.” Markoff, op. cit., p. xix. Markoff’s book unfortunately “almost totally overlooks the MIT techno-Deadhead community of leftist hackers”—Edward Hasbrouck, “Life Outside the Mainframe,” in Peacework Magazine, August, 2005 (link).